Trichomoniasis is a parasitic infection transmitted primarily through sexual contact. The parasite that causes the disease is Trichomonas vaginalis or Trichomonas vaginalis. It can also be contracted from public restrooms, locker room seats, and public bathrooms, as well as from improper use of tampons during menstrual bleeding or from soiled underwear.
The infection itself does not pose a particular health risk, but it is highly contagious through sexual contact between partners. In most patients, trichomonas infection occurs without the appearance of special symptoms, which makes it extremely difficult to diagnose. The only and most common onset symptom is urination disorders, which can be etiologically determined in many ways. The symptoms that characterize the disease itself are very specific and different for both sexes.
Women who are more likely to have sex are more likely to experience symptoms of discomfort when urinating. These symptoms may increase after intercourse, during urination, during or after menstruation, or during pregnancy. Complaints can date from several days to several months before more pronounced clinical symptoms appear that indicate the correct form of treatment.
In women, the organs that can be affected by infection with these parasites are the vagina, cervix, urethra, bladder, and some glands of the reproductive system involved in the production of secretions with a moisturizing effect during intercourse or with a protective function against disease. – causing pathogens that have entered the vagina.
The disease in women can be manifested by clinical manifestations of pathological discharge from the vagina and urinary tract. Most often it can have a yellow-greenish color. Other common symptoms are itching and irritation in the vulva. Pain in the lower abdomen and during intercourse can also be recorded, and in some rare cases, metrorrhagia, that is, vaginal bleeding not associated with menstruation.
In men, generally speaking, the infection can be completely asymptomatic with the only subjective sensations of mild discomfort when urinating. With them, the infection can affect the urethra, bladder, prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and epididymis. Inflammation of the supraventricular duct – the epididymis is especially dangerous and has rapidly progressive symptoms. The disease is called epididymitis and is associated with a particularly high risk of permanent infertility in men, as this is the only way sperm from the testicles get into the vas deferens and ejaculate.
Trichomoniasis prefers an alkaline environment. In an acidic environment, it develops poorly and quickly dies. Women are more susceptible to infection, especially during vaginal douching, pregnancy, or oral contraception. All of these factors have an alkalizing effect on the vagina.
Antibiotics are used in the treatment. In more complex forms, higher doses are used for a longer time, but in the order of a single course, due to the risk of developing vaginal dysbacteriosis on the vaginal mucosa.
In treatment, some Chinese herbs, such as sandy gentian, foxglove, and angelica root, may be prescribed by a doctor to be taken by mouth. Calendula, myrrh, and thuja are also used as daily baths.
The main advice for the prevention of this disease is protected sexual contact using condoms.
People are also advised to limit the use of shared towels and underwear. After swimming in public pools, it is strongly recommended to use good baths and rinse the genitourinary area with antiseptics. Another very important prevention tip is a very good antiseptic treatment of the groin with tetra or sumac decoction or potassium permanganate solution after each intercourse, especially with an unknown partner.
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